Hearing Loss & Deafness

Comprehensive information and support for living with hearing loss

Whether you’ve recently been diagnosed with hearing loss, have lived with it for years, or are supporting someone who is deaf or hearing-impaired, RNID is here to help. We provide comprehensive guidance to improve quality of life and empower you to communicate confidently.

Types of Hearing Loss

Conductive Hearing Loss

Occurs when sound cannot pass efficiently through the outer or middle ear. Often treatable with medication or surgery.

  • Ear infections
  • Fluid in the middle ear
  • Perforated eardrum
  • Earwax buildup

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Results from damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. Usually permanent but manageable with hearing aids or implants.

  • Age-related hearing loss
  • Noise exposure
  • Genetic factors
  • Certain medications

Mixed Hearing Loss

A combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss affecting both the outer/middle and inner ear.

  • Multiple causes
  • Requires comprehensive treatment
  • Combination approaches
  • Ongoing management

Causes & Risk Factors

Common Causes

Age-related (Presbycusis): Gradual hearing loss as you get older, typically affecting both ears equally

Noise Exposure: Prolonged exposure to loud sounds can damage the inner ear permanently

Ear Infections: Repeated infections can lead to fluid buildup and hearing difficulties

Genetics: Hereditary factors can contribute to hearing loss from birth or develop later

Ototoxic Medications: Certain drugs can damage hearing structures

Head Trauma: Injuries to the head or ear can cause temporary or permanent hearing loss

Risk Factors

Occupational Noise: Working in loud environments without proper protection

Recreational Noise: Concerts, clubs, and loud music through headphones

Medical Conditions: Diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease

Smoking: Increases risk of age-related hearing loss

Family History: Genetic predisposition to hearing problems

Age: Risk increases significantly after age 60

Living with Hearing Loss

Practical Tips

  • Get a proper hearing assessment from a qualified audiologist
  • Consider hearing aids or assistive listening devices
  • Learn about hearing loop systems in public places
  • Explore British Sign Language (BSL) classes
  • Use captioning on TV and video calls when available
  • Arrange your living space to optimize acoustics
  • Join support groups and connect with others
  • Keep up with regular hearing check-ups

Emotional Wellbeing

Living with hearing loss can affect your emotional health. It’s normal to experience:

  • Frustration with communication difficulties
  • Social anxiety or isolation
  • Depression or low mood
  • Fatigue from concentration

Remember, you’re not alone. RNID offers counseling services, support groups, and resources to help you maintain your mental health and wellbeing.

Communication Tips

For People with Hearing Loss

  • Face the person speaking to read lips and facial expressions
  • Position yourself where lighting is good
  • Reduce background noise when possible
  • Ask people to speak clearly, not necessarily louder
  • Don’t be afraid to ask for repetition or clarification
  • Inform others about your hearing loss and how they can help
  • Use assistive technology and apps

For Family & Friends

  • Get the person’s attention before speaking
  • Face them directly and maintain eye contact
  • Speak clearly at a normal pace, don’t shout
  • Don’t cover your mouth while talking
  • Reduce background noise (turn off TV/radio)
  • Be patient and willing to repeat or rephrase
  • Include them in group conversations

Need More Support?

Access our full range of resources, guides, and support services.